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===Reasons===
*Women-owners are more likely to be turned down for loans with less favorable term than men, and some women do not apply for loans simply because they fear being turned down[http://wwwftp.sciencedirectiza.comorg/science/article/pii/S0094119007000320dp3718.pdf].
*Differences in loan approval rates for men and women-owners might be explained by differences in business credits, firm size and business growth potential. Women owners tend to have lower business credit scores compare to men owners[https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-63794901/access-to-capital-and-terms-of-credit-a-comparison].
*Women owners are more risk averse than men, especially on financial risks and business ventures.
*Women owners face lending discrimination when they operate in national instead of local markets. Study shows that women-owned businesses are viewed as more risky than white men owned businesses operated in the same market with the same observable credit characteristics[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0094119007000320].*Women owners use different sources of financing relative to men. Women are more likely to launch their businesses with large amounts of owner-provided equity and smaller amounts of outsider equity and outside sources of financing such as bank loans, angel investments and venture capital for their business ventures[http://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=381025121008120087104024019003087103121054040082031043106002102107085112081087083030118030122121033051020122116005026064106085028008022092000016078101075101094076004051082006101022115084095108107083024004005093086079095107125116074121024021005096125&EXT=pdf]. This might be explained in two ways. On the one hand, women appears to use outside financial sources less frequently may suggest that is their preference. On the other hand, the less frequent outside financial utilization can be seen as women are more likely to be turned down for outside financing or do not apply for outside financing because they fear being turned down.
===Effects===
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