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The USPTO currently holds four regional offices in addition to its headquarters in Alexandria, VA. In 2010, the office piloted its first regional office in Detroit, MI through the Nationwide Workforce Program.[http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/news-updates/uspto-open-first-ever-satellite-office-detroit] The Leahy-Smith America Invents Act provided for the USPTO to "establish 3 or more satellite offices in the United States to carry out the responsibilities of the Office."[http{{#section://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/aia_implementation/bills-112hr1249eh.pdf] Subsequently, the United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office|USPTO decided to expand to all time zones through offices in Denver, CO, Silicon Valley, CA, and Dallas, TX.[http}}{{#section://www.uspto.gov/about-us/news-updates/us-commerce-department-open-four-regional-us-patent-offices-will-speed-patent]United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office|USPTO2}}
Regional offices were created with the purpose to[http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2013-title35/html/USCODE-2013-title35-partI-chap1-sec1.htm]:==Patent Pools==
*(1) increase outreach activities Patent pools are agreements between patent owners to better connect patent filers and innovators share, or cross-license, their own patents with the Office;*one another.[http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/ip-competition/en/studies/patent_pools_report.pdf (2WIPO) enhance ] Generally, patent examiner retention;*pools cover mature and complex technologies that require complementary patents to develop compatible products and services. [http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/ip-competition/en/studies/patent_pools_report.pdf (3WIPO) improve recruitment of patent examiners;*(4) decrease ]. Complementary patents are patents that are must be used together for the number development of patent applications waiting for examination; a specific new product, and*therefore, necessitate shared licensing [http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/ip-competition/en/studies/patent_pools_report.pdf (5WIPO) improve the quality of patent examination].
=====AlexandriaOpponents criticize patent pools for the potential of anti-competitive behavior and collusion, VA=====primarily with regards to substitute patents. Substitute or non-essential patents cover competing technologies that can be developed in parallel without risk of infringement [http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/ip-competition/en/studies/patent_pools_report.pdf]. Certain patent pools have been found to share competitively sensitive information such as marketing and pricing strategies and R&D findings.[http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/ip-competition/en/studies/patent_pools_report.pdf] The Department of Justice and Federal Trade Commission stated that patent pools may create barriers to entry for new firms since the required patents will be inaccessible [http://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/atr/legacy/2007/07/11/222655.pdf (DOJ)]
=====Detroit, MI=====# Essential patents included only. # Complementary patents included only. # Sensitive information may not be shared amongst parties. # Substitute products may still be developed by parties included in the licensing agreement.# Patent pool has an established expiration date.# Pricing in downstream production cannot be affected by or discussed by members of the patent pool. [http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/ip-competition/en/studies/patent_pools_report.pdf].
The Rocky Mountain Regional Office, located in the Byron G. Rogers Federal Building in downtown Denver, has been open since June 30, 2014.=[http[America Invents Act]]={{#section://www.uspto.gov/about-us/uspto-locations/rocky-mountain-regional-office-colorado] The office serves the states of Idaho, Utah, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, and Kansas.Leahy_Smith_America_Invents_Act|aia}}
==Patent Database==Below is a table containing brief overviews of the bills pertaining to innovation that have been passed or introduced by the 114th Congress.
Utility patents protect a "machine, article of manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof"[http://www.uspto.gov/learning-and-resources/glossary] =<ref name===Design Patent==== Design patents protect a "new, original, and ornamental design for an article of manufactureGovTrack"> [httphttps://www.usptogovtrack.govus/learning-and-resourcescongress/glossary] ====Plant Patent==== Plant patents protect a "distinct and new variety of plant that can be asexually reproduced"[http://www.uspto.govbills/learning-and-resources114/glossaryhr9#] ==Funding== The USPTO receives its operating funds through application fees, officially designated as "offsetting collections" to be placed in the Patent and Trademark Office Appropriations Account'H. However, the office must publish annal reports to Congress on its expected level of revenue and expenditureR. From there, Congress appropriates a certain level of funding that the USPTO may keep form its fee collection in order to run the office. Essentially, the USPTO must request permission to keep and use the money it receives from the application fees. No additional appropriation through Congress is usually approved. The net appropriation for the past three years has been $0. The Leahy-Smith America Invents 9: Innovation Act (AIA) created a reserve fund for the USPTO, where all excess fees are to be deposited. Further, the AIA granted the USPTO authority "to set or adjust by rule any fee established or charged by the Office". This provision increased the office's flexibility on fee setting and helped pave the way for a new class of fees for "micro entities."[http://www.uspto.gov/custom-page/inventors-eye-advice] For FY 2016, the office requested $3.2 billion of allowed expenditure from its fee collections, which with funds from other income and the Operating reserve balance, is expected to fund the necessary operating budget of $3govtrack.5 billionus.[http://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/documents</fy16pbr.pdf]ref><ref name===Reserve Fund=== Section 22 of the America Invents Act (AIA) created a Patent and Trademark Fee Reserve Fund, where excess fees collected by the USPTO are to be deposited."innovationactsummary"> [httphttps://wwwjudiciary.usptohouse.gov/patent/lawswp-and-regulationscontent/america-invents-act-aiauploads/fees-and-budgetary-issues] The reserve fund is meant to reduce uncertainty in financial stability for the office, especially during government shutdown. The reserve should be able to sustain the operations of the USPTO for three months of its patent operations and four-to-six months of its trademark operations. The office projects the reserve fund to hold $1.9 billion through FY 2019, which will allow the office "to propose reducing trademark fees in FY 2015."[http:2016/02/www782015_InnovationAct3.uspto.gov/blog/director/entry/an_update_on_sustainable_fundingpdf] However, the USPTO must still petition Congress annually for permission to spend the money deposited in the reserve fund. ===Proposed Legislation=== *'''[[The Innovation Protection Act]]', '' *Judiciary Committee: Chairman Bob Goodlatte'''[[Patent Fee Integrity Act]]''' ==Fee Diversion== The USPTO's funding process through congressional appropriations left the Office subject to "fee diversions," a process of taking excess funds accumulated by the USPTO but not requested in the annual budget and appropriating them to the general Treasury fund. All fees collected by the USPTO must be credited to the Patent and Trademark Office Appropriations Account(Washington, from which the USPTO may take money that has been appropriated by Congress and see all excess funds appropriated elsewhereD. This practice of fee diversion helped other sectors of the federal government cover additional expenses without exceeding appropriation limitsC. The USPTO reacted to this practice by closely estimating expected revenue and matching this estimate with its annual appropriations proposal for Congress).</ref> The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1990<ref name="PAsummary"> [httphttps://www.gpojudiciary.senate.gov/fdsysimo/media/pkgdoc/STATUTEPatents,%2004-104/pdf/STATUTE29-10415,%20PATENT%20Act%20-Pg1388%20One%20Pager.pdf] established the USPTO as a fully fee funded organization. 'The passage of this actProtecting American Talent and Entrepreneurship Act (PATENT) Act: Short Summary', designed to cut "Senate Committee on the budget deficitJudiciary" (Washington, meant that Congress would not appropriate additional sources of funding for the USPTOD. Instead, the office would have to remain afloat through only the fees it collects through processing patent and trademark applications. During the eight years of OBRA, an estimated $234 million in fee payments were collected by the USPTO in excess of the budget authority for the officeC).</ref><ref name="patentactgovtrack"> [https://www.fasgovtrack.orgus/sgpcongress/crsbills/misc114/RS20906s1137] 'S.pdf] The excess funds were not placed in a reserve fund1137: PATENT Act', and instead were appropriated to non-USPTO related activities'govtrack. A Congressional Research Service report has estimated $1us'.009 billion diverted or made unavailable to the </ref><ref name="USPTO from FY1990 to FY2011.report"> [httpshttp://www.fasuspto.orggov/sgpsites/crsdefault/miscfiles/RS20906documents/USPTOFY15PAR.pdf] The Leahy-Smith Act America Invents Act created a USPTO reserve fund to hold excess fees collected in a given fiscal year. Although the reserve fund balance may only be appropriated to USPTO activities, the director of the USPTO must still petition Congress to use these funds in its annual budget request. ==Criticism== ==Contact Information== ==='United States Patent and Trademark Office Locations=== *'''Alexandria, VA'''Performance and Accountability Report: :USPTO Madison Building:600 Dulany Street:Alexandria , VA 22314 *''Fiscal Year 2015'Detroit, MI''': :Midwest Regional "United States Patent and Trademark Office - USPTO:300 River Place South:Suite 2900:Detroit, MI 48207 *'''Denver", CO''': :Rocky Mountain Regional Office (USPTO):1961 Stout Street:Denver, CO 80294 *'''Silicon ValleyAlexandria, CA''': :Silicon Valley USPTO:26 S. Fourth Street:San Jose, CA 95113 *'''Dallas, TX''': :Texas Regional Office (USPTOVirginia):207 South Houston St.:Dallas, TX 75202 ===Online Locations=== *[http:<//www.uspto.gov/ Website]ref>*[https://www.facebook.com/uspto.gov Facebook]*[httpsCategory://twitter.com/uspto TwitterInternal]*[https://www.youtube.com/user/USPTOvideo YouTube] [[categoryCategory:internalInnovation Policy]] =Current Issues Facing the Patent System===Patent Pools====Patent Trolls====Prize System for Innovation===History of Patent Reform?==Current Patent Reform=
no edit summary
=Summary==U.S. Patent OfficeActs with pages=The United States Patent and Trademark Office is the organization within the United States government that examines and grants patents and trademarks. Established under the Department of Commerce on July 19, 1952[https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/patent-and-trademark-office] by 35 U.S.C. §1[http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2013-title35/html/USCODE-2013-title35-partI-chap1-sec1.htm], the USPTO fulfills the mandate in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution "to promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries."[https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/United_States_of_America_1992]. Since 1790, the USPTO has issued more than 6.5 million patents[http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/news-updates/uspto-web-database-now-includes-all-patents-dating-1790]. The agency's main offices reside in Alexandria, Virginia, with several satellite offices around the country.
The following acts have their own pages:
*114, Ways & Means Committee, [[Innovation Promotion Act]]. See also https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/2605
*114, H.R.9 [[Innovation Act]]. See also [[H.R. 9: Innovation Act]]
*114, S.1137 [[Protecting American Talent and Entrepreneurship (PATENT) Act]]
*114, H.R.2045 [[Targeting Rogue and Opaque Letters (TROL) Act]]
*114, S.632 [[Support Technology and Research for Our Nation’s Growth (STRONG) Patents Act]]
*114, H.R.1896 [[Demand Letter Transparency Act]]
*114, H.R.1832 [[Innovation Protection Act]]
*112, H.R.1249 [[America Invents Act]]
*112, S. 1138 [[Prize Fund for HIV/AIDS Act]]
*113, S. 627 and 115, S. 295 [[Medical Innovation Prize Fund Act]]
*113, H.R.845 [[The Shield Act]]
*113, S. 2146 [[Patent Fee Integrity Act]]
*114, S.1137 [[PATENT Act]]
*114, S.632 [[STRONG Patents Act]]
*114, [[S. 1890: Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016]]
{| {{table}}| align="center" style=History"background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Bill'''| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Congress''' | align="center" style=Organization"background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Sponsor'''| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Committee''' | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Reports'''| align=Administration"center" style=== *"background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Director and Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual PropertyLast Action''': Michelle K. Lee|-| [[http://wwwInnovation Promotion Act|H.usptoR.gov/about2605 -us/executiveManufacturing Innovation in America Act of 2013]]||113th Congress (2013-biographies/michelle2014)||Rep. Schwartz, Allyson Y. [D-kPA-lee13]:Michelle Lee was nominated by President Barack Obama (Introduced 06/28/2013)||House - Ways and Means||||06/28/2013 Referred to serve as the Director of the USPTO House Committee on November 11, 2014Ways and Means.|-| [[httpsH.R. 9://wwwInnovation Act|H.congressR.gov/nomination/113th9 -congress/2103Innovation Act]] and officially took the oath of office on March 12||114th Congress (2015-2016)||Rep. Goodlatte, 2015Bob [http:R-VA-6] (Introduced 02/05/dcinno2015)||House - Judiciary||H.streetwiseRept.co114-235||02/201525/03/13/new2016 Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship. Hearings held.|-us| [[Protecting American Talent and Entrepreneurship (PATENT) Act|S.1137 -patentPATENT Act]]||114th Congress (2015-chief2016)||Sen. Grassley, Chuck [R-swornIA] (Introduced 04/29/2015)||Senate -in-at-sxswJudiciary||||02/25/]2016 Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship. She is the first female to hold the officeHearings held.|-| [[http://wwwTargeting Rogue and Opaque Letters (TROL) Act|H.usptoR.gov/about2045 -us/executiveTargeting Rogue and Opaque Letters Act of 2015]]||114th Congress (2015-biographies/michelle2016)||Rep. Burgess, Michael C. [R-kTX-lee26]. Her first role within the USPTO was serving as the Director of the USPTO Silicon Valley regional office.[http:(Introduced 04/28/www2015)||House - Energy and Commerce||H.usptoRept.gov/about114-us877||12/news-updates16/us2016 Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 688.|-secretary| [[Support Technology and Research for Our Nation’s Growth (STRONG) Patents Act|S.632 -commerceSTRONG Patents Act of 2015]]||114th Congress (2015-penny-pritzker-names-michelle-k-lee-next-deputy-director]2016)||Sen. Prior to joining the USPTOCoons, Lee served as the Deputy General Counsel for GoogleChristopher A. [https:D-DE] (Introduced 03//www.commerce.gov/news/blog03/2015)||Senate - Judiciary||||02/0325/spotlight2016 Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship. Hearings held.|-commerce| [[Demand Letter Transparency Act|H.R.1896 -michelleDemand Letter Transparency Act of 2015]]||114th Congress (2015-k2016)||Rep. Polis, Jared [D-leeCO-under-secretary-commerce-intellectual-property2].*'''Deputy Director''': Russell Slifer*'''Chief of Staff''': (VacantIntroduced 04/20/2015)*'''Commissioner for Patents''': Drew Hirshfeld*'''Commissioner for Trademarks''': Mary Boney Denison*'''Chief Policy Officer and Director for International Affairs''': Shira Perlmutter*'''Chief Administrative Officer''': Frederick Steckler*'''Chief Communication Officer''': (Vacant)*'''Chief Financial Officer''': Anthony P. Scardino*'''Chief Information Officer''': John Owens II*'''General Counsel''': Sarah Harris*'''Acting Deputy General Counsel for ||House - Judiciary||||05/15/2015 Referred to the Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property Law , and Solicitor''': Thomas Krause*'''Director of the Office of Equal Employment Opportunity and Diversity''': Bismark MyrickInternet.|-===Employment=== The USPTO released its | [[Innovation Protection Act|H.R.1832 - Innovation Protection Act]]||114th Congress (2015-2018 People Plan2016)||Rep. Conyers, John, which outlines three pillars of focus for its workforce through the 2018 fiscal yearJr.[http:D-MI-13] (Introduced 04/16/www.uspto.gov2015)||House - Judiciary||||05/sites15/default/files/documents/USPTO%202015%20-%202018%20People%20Plan.pdf] The Office intends 2015 Referred to use the three pillars of ''lead''Subcommittee on Courts, ''engage''Intellectual Property, and ''enable'' for its strategic human capital planning, which is "the process by which an organization takes stock of how its people and people-management activities align with and support the agency’s strategic goals." Some human capital planning recommendations include diversifying and developing its workforce, connecting its employees with the core vision of the USPTO, and maximizing its internal leadership capabilitiesInternet.|-At the end of FY 2015, the USPTO employed 12,667 individuals, which includes 9,161 patent examiners and 456 trademark examining attorneys.| [[http://wwwAmerica Invents Act|H.usptoR.gov/sites/default/files/documents/USPTOFY15PAR.pdf1249 - Leahy-Smith America Invents Act]]||112th Congress (2011-2012)||Rep. This number is up from 12Smith,450 total federal employees in FY 2014Lamar [http:R-TX-21] (Introduced 03/30/www2011)||House - Judiciary; Budget||H.usptoRept.gov112-98||09/about16/stratplan2011 Became Public Law No: 112-29. (TXT | PDF)|-| [[Prize Fund for HIV/arAIDS Act|S.1138 - Prize Fund for HIV/USPTOFY2014PARAIDS Act]]||112th Congress (2011-2012)||Sen.pdfSanders, Bernard [I-VT] (Introduced 05/26/2011)||Senate - Health, Education, Labor, and 11,773 employees in FY 2013[http:Pensions||||05/15/www2012 Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Subcommittee on Primary Health and Aging.usptoHearings held.gov/about/stratplan/ar/USPTOFY2013PARWith printed Hearing: S.pdf]Hrg. The USPTO is expected to employ around 13,500 employees for FY 2016112-570.|-| [http://www[Medical Innovation Prize Fund Act|S.uspto495 - Medical Innovation Prize Fund Act]]||115th Congress (2017-2018) | Get alerts||Sen.govSanders, Bernard [I-VT] (Introduced 03/sites02/default2017)||Senate - Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions||||03/files02/documents/fy16pbr2017 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.pdf] {| class="wikitable" border=0|+ align="center" size="14px"|'''USPTO Employment'''
|-
| scope="col" align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"[[The Shield Act|'''Fiscal Year'''H.R.845 - Saving High-Tech Innovators from Egregious Legal Disputes Act of 2013]]| scope="col" align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Total Employees'''113th Congress (2013-2014)| scope="col" align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Patent Examiners'''Rep. DeFazio, Peter A. [D-OR-4] (Introduced 02/27/2013)| scope="col" align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Trademark Examining Attorneys'''House - Judiciary||||04/08/2013 Referred to the Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property, And The Internet.
|-
| align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"[[Patent Fee Integrity Act| 2016 S.2146 - Patent Fee Integrity Act]]|| align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"113th Congress (2013-2014)|~|Sen. Feinstein, Dianne [D-CA] (Introduced 03/13,500 /2014)|| align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"Senate - Judiciary|??? || align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"|???03/13/2014 Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.
|-
| align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"[[PATENT Act| S.1137 - PATENT Act]]||114th Congress (2015 -2016)|| align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"|12Sen. Grassley,667 Chuck [R-IA] (Introduced 04/29/2015)|| align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"Senate - Judiciary|9,161 || align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"|46502/25/2016 Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship. Hearings held.
|-
| align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"[[STRONG Patents Act| 2014 S.632 - STRONG Patents Act of 2015]]|| align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"114th Congress (2015-2016)|12|Sen. Coons,450 Christopher A. [D-DE] (Introduced 03/03/2015)|| align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"Senate - Judiciary|8,611 || align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"|42902/25/2016 Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship. Hearings held.
|-
| align="center" style="background[[S. 1890:#f9f9f9;"Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016|S.1890 - Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016]]| 2013 |114th Congress (2015-2016)| align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"|11Sen. Hatch,173 Orrin G. [R-UT] (Introduced 07/29/2015)|| align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9Senate - Judiciary | House - Judiciary||S. Rept. 114-220;"|8,051 H. Rept. 114-529|| align="center" style="background05/11/2016 Became Public Law No:#f9f9f9;"114-153. (TXT |409PDF)
|-
| align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"| 2012 || align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"|11,531 || align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"|7,935 || align="center" style="background:#f9f9f9;"|386
|}
===Regional Offices==United States Patent and Trademark Office=
In 2006order to address the concerns raised against patent pools, the USPTO offices were consolidated Department of Justice (DOJ) has taken steps to standardize patent pools in a new campus encompassing ten buildings all connected by underground walkways.[http://www.buildings.com/article-details/articleid/3374/title/uspto-makes-its-mark-with-consolidationorder to prevent violations of antitrust laws.aspx] The location includes 70,000-square-foot mission-critical data center and DOJ requires the National Inventors Hall of Fame and Museum, which re-opened on May 21, 2014.[httpfollowing characteristics for a patent pool://www.uspto.gov/about-us/uspto-locations/alexandria-va/national-inventors-hall-fame-and-museum]
These restrictions allow for patentees and standard setting organizations to maximize the benefits of creating patent pools. The Elijah Jcreation of patent pools mainly benefits the owners of complementary and essential patents. McCoy United States Patent Essential patents are patents required for a product or process to meet a given sector's technical standards. Cross-licensing between companies in a patent pool facilitates building upon previous technologies and Trademark Officeincreases the efficiency of innovation by organizing complementary intellectual property assets under one contract [http://www.usptowipo.govint/aboutexport/sites/www/ip-uscompetition/uspto-locationsen/studies/detroit-michiganpatent_pools_report.pdf (WIPO)], serves . Mutually blocking patents often slow technological developments as neither party can make use of its technology without infringing on the first regional office other party's patent. By forming a patent pool, both parties can develop substitute technologies without risk of the USPTOinfringement. Originally created under Companies can also reduce the National Workforce Program in 2012, amount spent on litigation by settling disputes with the office provides services including but not limited to complete creation of patent databases, collaborative workstations, regularly scheduled workshops, pools. This would benefit small- and public tours. Christal Sheppard serves as medium-sized businesses that usually cannot afford the current director costs of the regional officeexpensive litigation.[http://www.usptowipo.govint/aboutexport/sites/www/ip-uscompetition/uspto-locationsen/detroit-mistudies/christal-sheppardpatent_pools_report.pdf (WIPO)] The regional office serves the states of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio and WisconsinTransaction costs as well as royalties can also be lowered in a patent pool.
=====Denver, CO===Patent Trolls==
{{#section:The Truth Behind Patent Trolls|trolls}}
Currently, there is no systematic data that proves the existence of patent trolls and that quantifies their financial effects on companies.
=====Silicon Valley, CA====Proposed Patent Reform=
<section begin=Patent_Reform />'''[[Innovation Act]]''':{{#section:Innovation_Act| summary}}'''[[Protecting American Talent and Entrepreneurship (PATENT) Act]]''':{{#section:Protecting_American_Talent_and_Entrepreneurship_(PATENT)_Act| PatentAct}}<section end====Dallas, TX=====Patent_Reform />
===BudgetBills Relevant to Innovation===
{| class==="wikitable"|-! Bill! Prognosis! Sponsor!Full Title!Date Introduced!Status|-|[[S. 1890: Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016]] [https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/114/s1890]|Enacted|Orrin Hatch (R-Utah)|A bill to amend chapter 90 of title 18, United States Code, to provide Federal jurisdiction for the theft of trade secrets, and for other purposes.|JUL 29, 2015 Patent Data|Enacted — Signed by the President on May 11, 2016|-|[[H.R. 9: Innovation Act]]=== [https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/114/hr9]|36% | Bob Goodlatte (R-Virginia)| To amend title 35, United States Code, and the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act to make improvements and technical corrections, and for other purposes.|Feb 5, 2015|Reported by Committee on Jun 11, 2015|-Classification Numbers can be found |[http[S. 1137: PATENT Act]] [https://www.usptogovtrack.govus/webcongress/patentsbills/classification114/selectnumwithtitles1137]|36% | Charles “Chuck” Grassley (D-Iowa)|A bill to amend title 35, United States Code, and the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act to make improvements and technical corrections, and for other purposes.|Apr 29, 2015|Reported by Committee on Jun 4, 2015|-|[[H.htm hereR. 2045: Targeting Rogue and Opaque Letters Act of 2015]][https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/114/hr2045]|24% | Michael Burgess (R-Texas)|To provide that certain bad faith communications in connection with the assertion of a United States patent are unfair or deceptive acts or practices, and for other purposes.USPTO's new visual database|Apr 28, PatentsView2015|Reported by Committee on Apr 29, can be found 2015|-|[[H.R. 1832: Innovation Protection Act]] [httphttps://www.patentsviewgovtrack.orgus/webcongress/ herebills/114/hr1832]|5%| John Conyers Jr.(D-Michigan)|To provide for the permanent funding of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, and for other purposes.|Apr 16, 2015|Referred to Committee on Apr 16, 2015|-|[[S. 632: STRONG Patents Act of 2015]] [https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/114/s632]|4%| Chris Coons (D-Delaware)Google|A bill to strengthen the position of the United States as the world's leading innovator by amending title 35, United States Code, to protect the property rights of the inventors that grow the country's helpful article economy.|Mar 3, 2015|Referred to Committee on downloading USPTO PAIR Mar 3, 2015|-|[[S. 926: Grace Period Restoration Act of 2015]] [https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/114/s926]|4%| Tammy Baldwin (Patent Application Information RetrievalD-Wisconsin) data can be found |A bill to amend the patent law to promote basic research, to stimulate publication of scientific documents, to encourage collaboration in scientific endeavors, to improve the transfer of technology to the private sector, and for other purposes.|Apr 14, 2015|Referred to Committee on Apr 14, 2015|-|[[H.R. 2370: End Anonymous Patents Act]] [https://www.googlegovtrack.comus/googlebookscongress/usptobills/114/hr2370]|0%| Theodore Deutch (D-Florida)|To amend title 35, United States Code, to require disclosure of ownership and transfers of ownership of patents, and for other purposes.|May 15, 2015|Referred to Committee on May 15, 2015|-pair|[[H.R.html#AvailableApplications here1896: Demand Letter Transparency Act of 2015]] [https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/114/hr1896]|0%===Patent Types===| Jared Polis (D-Colorado)|To amend chapter 26 of title 35, United States Code, to require the disclosure of information related to patent ownership, and for other purposes.|Apr 20, 2015|Referred to Committee on Apr 20, 2015|}
== Market of Ideas ==<section begin=Market_of_Ideas />[http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/ac/ido/oeip/taf/h_counts.htm[Market of Ideas Research Notes]]
=References===Utility Patent====<references>
