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{{McNair ProjectsBlogPost|Project TitleHas title= Entrepreneurship and the 2016 ElectionsElection (Blog Post)|Topic Area= Policy, Regulation, and Entrepreneurship|OwnerHas author= Dylan Dickens|Start TermPart of series= Summer Election 2016|End TermHas content status= Summer 2016Published|StatusHas Graphics status= In WritingApproved|DeliverableHas blog image= Blog Post|AudienceHas publication date= General Public|Skills Needed= Writing I|Keywords= Clinton, Trump, Election, Entrepreneurship, Small Business, Healthcare, Immigration, Regulation, Policy, Obamacare, Affordable Care ActSeptember 26 2016 |Primary BillingHas processing notes= Dr. Edward Egan

:After a powerful 60-40 victory over fellow Democratic nominee Bernie Sanders in Puerto Rico this past Monday, supplemented with an additional wave of support from super-delegates, [http://www.cnn.com/2016/06/06/politics/hillary-clinton-nomination-2016/ CNN] declared Hillary Clinton the presumptive nominee for the Democratic party. She now joins presumptive Republican nominee Donald Trump on still highly-contested and now highly predictable November 2016 presidential ballot. Over the course of the electionHowever, both presumptive candidates have remainedsurprisingly little to say about entrepreneurship, with the exception largest net creator of Hilary's recent and non-specific [https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/small-business/ issue page] on small business, silent and non-committal on jobs in the topics of entrepreneurship and small business policyUnited States.

:In light of this information deficit, growing concerns over the future of entrepreneurship have been amassing, as demonstrated at the Kauffman Foundation's 2016 State of Why is Entrepreneurship [http://www.gvhlive.com/gvh-daily/2016/2/23/is-entrepreneurship-at-risk-in-the-2016-election Address]. While specific candidate platforms have not been announced in regards to entrepreneurship, three of the main policy areas discussed in the election; Health Care, Immigration, and Economic Regulation, all directly relate to the prosperity of an American entrepreneurship ecosystem. Through an analysis of Clinton and Trump's statements in these three topic areas, a better understanding of the potential post-2016 futures of entrepreneurship may come to light. Policy Important?

:Health Care regulation, specifically the [Affordable Care Act|Patient Protection The American economy relies on entrepreneurship. Micro and Affordable Care Act], macro economists agree that it has resounding positive economic effects. Entrepreneurship has also known as "Obamacare," has been accused of [http://www.investors.com/liberallinked to non-study-finds-obamanomics-killed-the-american-entrepreneur/ "killing"] small business. A 2012 [http://www.gallup.com/poll/152654/health-costs-gov-regulations-curb-small-business-hiring.aspx Gallup] poll of small business owners found that nearly half of small business owners point to potential healthcare costs (48%) and government regulations (46%) economic benefits such as reasons why they are NOT hiring new employees. In spite of this survey, the 2009-2015 head of the Congressional Budget Officecommunity development, [http://obamacarefacts.com/obamacare-small-business/ Douglas Elmendorf]social change, and [http://obamacarefactsan increase in egalitarianism.com/obamacare-small-business/ John Arensmeyer], founder and CEO of the Small Business Majority, have both released statements questioning any long-term negative affects of the Affordable Care Act and have even suggested that there will be benefits. Little conclusive evidence has been found on It is not hard to see why Entrepreneur magazine says entrepreneurs represent the affects “backbone of the Affordable Care Act on small business one way or the otherAmerica.”

:Immigration U.S. entrepreneurship has been highlighted by the [http://sbecounciltwo major categories.org/2014/07/21/entrepreneurshipOne is high-immigration-reform-andtech, high-growth industry like the-economy/ Small Business & Entrepreneurship Council] as a key issue kind seen in small business and entrepreneurshipSilicon Valley or on Massachusetts Route 128. The council cites a 2012 [https://www.sba.gov/sites/default/files/rs396tot.pdf report] from other is the [Small Business Administration] that reveals higher rates in business ownership, business formation, business exportation among the U.S. immigrant population as compared small to the nonmedium-immigrant population. The council further quotes a 2014 Kauffman Foundation [http://www.kauffman.org/~/media/kauffman_org/research%20reports%20and%20covers/2014/04/kiea_2014_report.pdf report] in saying that "Immigrants were nearly twice as likely to start businesses each month as were the native-born in 2013," as well as [https://www.sba.gov/blogs/nation-immigrants-andsized enterprises owned by self-entrepreneurs Karen Gordon Mills], the former Administrator of the U.S. Small Business Administration, as saying: “In 2011 alone, immigrants started 28 percent of all new U.S. businesses, despite accounting for only 13 percent of the U.S. population." The array of above testimony seems to imply that a healthy intake of immigrants is an important component in a healthy entrepreneurship ecosystememployed Americans.

:Economic regulation, The 2008 recession caused a dip in a similar vein to healthcare reform, has been purported as a [http://wwwU.investorsS.com/liberal-study-finds-obamanomics-killed-the-american-entrepreneur/ cause] for the decline in entrepreneurship, disproportionately affecting these small businessfirms. A 2015 [http://centerforregulatorysolutions.org/fixing-the-nations-brokenThese enterprises experienced a drop of nearly 150,000 less than 1-regulatoryyear-system/ report] from the Center for Regulatory Solutions Karen Kerrigan, the president & CEO of the Small Business & Entrepreneurship Council, suggests that a general streamlining old businesses between 2008 and reduction the United States' economic regulations would help the growth of small business. The 2016 [http://www.kauffman2010.org/neg/sectionHigh-7#acceleratinggrowthbycurbingregressiveregulation New Entrepreneurial Growth Agenda] published by the Kauffman Foundationtech, proposes that reform in small business regulation and an decrease in regressive "barrier" regulation is the key to small business high-growthfirms experienced a dip as well. Across both theories little empirical evidence exists Venture capital dropped from roughly 4,000 deals a year to show the effects of regulation on small business and rather are generated through the studies and opinions of experts 3,500 in the fieldsame period.

==References==U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that both high-tech firms and small to medium-sized businesses now approach pre-2008 levels. Venture capital investment in high-growth, high-tech firms has nearly doubled. According to PricewaterhouseCoopers data, aggregated investment dollars totaled $30 billion in 2013 compared to roughly $60 billion in 2015. Pew Research Center polling show an overall desire by the public to engage in entrepreneurial activities. The poll indicates 71% and 68% favorability rates for small businesses and tech firms respectively. Smart public policy is critical to harness this popular support and immense economic power.  Entrepreneurship in the 2016 Election Discussions of entrepreneurship have been largely absent from the election. Many of the policy issues that have been discussed could indirectly impact entrepreneurship, especially those concerning economic regulation, immigration, and healthcare. Policies focused on areas adjacent to entrepreneurship, including capital investments, STEM research, and high-tech education, are also important. However, a primary focus should be on getting capital directly into entrepreneurship markets. Competitive capital is crucial - government money is sometimes invested in startups that are unlikely to succeed, which leads to a “crowding-out” effect. The government should invest along side competitive, returns-focused capital to promote the development of America's high-tech high-growth industry and its small business economy. <!-- flush flush --><!-- flush flush --><!-- flush flush --> [[Category:Entrepreneurship Policy]]