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Created fromThis page is a part of the [[Patent Thicket Literature Review]] paper Webcrawler Wiki: http://mcnair.bakerinstitute.org/wiki/Patent_Thicket_Literature_Review[[PTLR Webcrawler]]
''Kiley''
''Jacob''
''rents''
''royalties''
''reverse hold-up''
''guile''
''Economic theory papers are largely concerned with the DHCI problem.''
''Papers that drift towards first including overlapping patents along with DHCI, and then begin abandoning the usage of DCHI.''
''It seems that economists favor DHCI and overlaps, cite Shapiro (2001) and do more theoretical work; whereas legal scholars favor overlaps, cite Heller and Eisenberg (1998) and provide discussion.'''
→Modern Terms
=The Patent Thicket Literature Review Coding Rules=
==Core Terms==
'''Saturated Invention Spaces = - (SIS)'''
As first defined by Teece: when a single firm, or a small number of firms, successfully patents an entire technological area. (p.15)
'''Example of:'''
''imperfect competition - (IC)''
'''Look for:'''
''cluster - (CLSTR)'' ''coherent groups - (CoGs)'' ''adjacent '' ''saturated'' ''substitutes'' ''complements'' ''free- ride'' ''invent around'' ''imperfect competition'' ''substitutes'' '''Frequent Author(Adjs): Teece 1998, Somaya 2003, Hemphill 2003, Hussinger 2006'''
'''Diversely-held Complimentary Inputs = - (DHCI)'''
1) products require complementary patented inputs; 2) these inputs are diversely-held (i.e. held by N patent-holders); and 3) patent-holders set their license prices independently. (Shapiro, pg.17)
'''Example of:'''
''lack of coordination - (COOR)of licensing prices''
'''Look for:'''
''diversely-held - (DH)'' ''complementary inputs - (CI)'' ''multiple inputs'' ''dispersed - (DIS)'' ''anticommons'' ''tragedy of the anticommons'' ''fragmented - (Frag)'' ''Cournot problem - (CP)'' ''multiple marginalization '' ''FRAND'' ''patent pools'' ''licensing'' ''cross- licensing'' ''license'' ''standard setting'' ''SSO'' ''royalty stacking'' ''multilateral arrangements'' ''bilateral arrangements'' ''individual arrangements'' ''invent around'' ''Mexican Standoff'' ''Coasian'' '''Frequent Authors(MMs): Shapiro 2001, Heller 1997, Heller and Eisenberg 1998, Lemley & Shapiro 2006, Arrow 1973, Mossoff 2009, Lemley 2008, Cheung 1969'''
'''Overlapping Patents - (OP)'''
Second most common foundation of a thicket. Vertical Patents can overlap is largely adjacentvertically or horizontally. Horizontal likely due to poorly defined rights. Refinement patents and research tool patents can result in OPvertical overlap.
'''Example of:'''
''Imperfectly defined property rights - (IDPR)'''
'''Look for:'''
''patent overlap - (PO)'' ''overlap'' ''overlapping claims - (OC)'' ''similar claims - (SC)'' ''simultaneous infringement - '' '''Frequent Author(SIs): Burk & Lemley 2003, Regibeau & Rockett 2011'''
'''Gaming the Patent System - (GPS)'''
'''Example of:'''
''Moral Hazard - (MH)''
'''Look for:'''
''spurious patents - (SP)''
''dubious''
''bad''
''rent-seeking''
''bad faith''
''submarines''
''ever-greening''
''hidden action''
''Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics
'''Frequent Author(s): Marshall 1976, Holstrom 1979, Hegde et al. 2009, Rubinfeld & Maness 2004, Jacob 2009, Jaffe & Lerner 2004, Schmalensee 2009, Attaran 2004'''
==Modern Terms==
'''Look for:'''
''prosecution costs''
''perverse incentivecourt fees''
''bargaining costs''
''coordinating costs''
''maintenance fees''
''Leahy-Smith America Invents Actlicensing fees''
''Coasian''
''Coase''
'''Frequent Author(s): Lemley Shapiro 2006, Callaway 2008, Farrell 2009, Cockburn & MacGarvie 2009/2011'''
'''Probabilistic Patents - (PP)'''
'''Look for:'''
''Bessenimperfectly defined property rights'' ''Lemley & Shapiroprobabilistic'' ''information asymmetry'' ''uncertainty'' ''invalid patentsuncertain''
''infringement''
''invent around'Frequent Author(s): Lemley & Shapiro 2005/2006, Bessen 2003'''
'''Unspecified / Extended Use - (UnEx)'''
'''Look for:'''
''ever-greening''
''submarine patents''
''viagra''
''patent portfolios''
''stand-alone commercial value''
'''Frequent Author(s): Kiley, Jacob'''
'''Search Costs - (SC)'''
'''Look for:'''
''Wangtransaction costs'' ''fees'' ''Coase'' ''Coasian'' ''perverse incentivesLeahy-Smith'' ''willful infringement'Frequent Author(s): Wang 2010, Lemley Shapiro 2006, Callaway 2008, Farrell 2009, Cockburn & MacGarvie 2011'''
'''Patent Hold-up - (PH)'''
'''Look for:'''
''Epstein'' ''Farrellhold-up''
''Williamson's''
''FRAND''
''SEP''
''license fee'' ''guile'' '''Frequent Author(s): Lemley, Shapiro, Farrell, Langus, Epstein, Williamson, Hayes, Sullivan, FTC'''
'''Strategic Patents - (SP)'''
'''Look for'''
''accumulating patents''
''patent portfolio''
'''Frequent Author(s): Hall & Ziedonis'''
'''Hold-out - (HO)'''
'''Look for:'''
''guilehold-out'' ''FRANDmultilateral bargaining'' ''SEPnon-participating'' '''Frequent Author(s): Farrell2009''' '''Additional Terms found by Dylan''' '''Look for: ''patent strategies'' ''IP rights thicket'' ''patent thicket'' ''TRIPS'' ''Diffusion of Innovation'' ''overlapping ownership'' ''multiple overlapping granted patent rights'' ''non-practicing entity'' ''patent holdpile-up'' ''reverse cross license'' ''patent holdpool'' ''follow-on inventions'' ''complimentary input'' ''anti-commons'' ''Cournot problem'' ''simultaneous infringment'' ''Leahy-Smith America Invents Act'' ''Mexican Standoff'' ''standardization'' ''game theory'' ''battle of the sexes'' ''hand-cuffing'' ''build-and-let-upbuild'' ''modern standards'' ''technical standards'' ''international standards'' ''DHCIexclusively licensed''
=Types=
'''Theory - (T)'''
'''Empirical - (E)'''
'''Discussion - (D)'''
=Topics=
'''Effects on Academia - (EA)'''
'''Look for:'''
''Overlapping cumulative innovation'' ''basic science'' ''research'' ''development'' '''Private Mechanism - (PM)''' '''Look for:''' ''cross-licensing'' ''patent pools'' ''patent clearinghouses'' ''patent collectives'' ''FRAND'' ''patent intermediaries'' ''NPEs'' ''technology standards'' ''standard setting organizations'' ''patent clearinghouses'' '''Industry Commentary - (IC)''' '''Look for:''' ''nanotech industry'' ''genetics industry'' ''basic science'' ''upstream patents'' ''nanobiotech'' ''synthetic biology'' '''IPR Reform - (IPR)''' '''Look for:''' ''property rights'' ''USPTO'' ''propertization'' ''IP rights'' ''patent pools'' ''Leahy-Smith America Invents Act'' '''Firm Strategy - (FS)''' '''Look for:''' ''market entry'' ''compete'' ''invent around'' ''infringement'' ''blocking'' ''secrecy'' ''ever-greening'' ''Mexican Standoff'' ''patent troll'' ''saturated invention space'' =Publication Type= '''Econ - (ECON)''' '''Law - (LAW)''' '''Science - (SCI)''' '''Policy Report - (POLR)''' =Authors= ''What are the number of authors? (0-9)'' ''How many authors are repeat authors?'' =Individual Terms= '''Code for:''' ''cross-licensing'' ''patent pools'' ''patent clearinghouses'' ''patent collectives'' ''FRAND / RAND'' ''patent intermediaries (include auctions, brokers, etc.)'' ''NPEs Non-Participating Entities'' ''technology standards'' ''SSOs (standard setting organizations)'' ''patent trolls'' ''submarine patents'' ''SEPs (Standard Essential Patents)'' ''ever-greening'' ''blocking'' ''cites: Shapiro (2001), "Navigating the patent thicket"'' ''cites: Heller and Eisenberg (1998?), "Anti-commons something..."'' ''cites: Heller (1997?), "Something..."'' [[Category:Internal]]
