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year = {2008},
pages = {119--149}
 
Accelerators and the Regional Supply of Venture Capital Investment by Daniel Fehder and Yael Hochberg. Fit in category (1) and (2)
@techreport{fehder_accelerators_2014,
address = {Rochester, NY},
title = {Accelerators and the {Regional} {Supply} of {Venture} {Capital} {Investment}},
url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2518668},
abstract = {Recent years have seen the rapid emergence of a new type of program aimed at seeding startup companies. These programs, often referred to as accelerators, differ from previously known seed-stage institutions such as incubators and angel groups. While proliferation of such accelerators is evident, evidence on efficacy and role of these programs is scant. Nonetheless, local governments and founders of such programs often cite the motivation for their establishment and funding as the desire to transform their local economies through the establishment of a startup technology cluster in their region. In this paper, we attempt to assess the impact that such programs can have on the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the regions in which they are established, by exploring the effects of accelerators on the availability and provision of seed and early stage venture capital funding in the local region.},
number = {ID 2518668},
urldate = {2017-11-06},
institution = {Social Science Research Network},
author = {Fehder, Daniel C. and Hochberg, Yael V.},
month = sep,
year = {2014},
keywords = {Accelerators and the Regional Supply of Venture Capital Investment, Daniel C. Fehder, SSRN, Yael V. Hochberg}
Aspiring, nascent and fledgling entrepreneurs: an investigation of the business start-up process by Beate Rotefoss and Lars Kolvereid. Cited by 262.
keywords = {agglomeration economies, external economies, microfoundations, productivity, urban growth},
pages = {2119--2171}
 
Clusters and entrepreneurship by Mercedes Delgado. Fit in category (1) and (2)
@article{delgado_clusters_2010,
title = {Clusters and entrepreneurship},
volume = {10},
issn = {1468-2702},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/joeg/article/10/4/495/913653},
doi = {10.1093/jeg/lbq010},
abstract = {This article examines the role of regional clusters in regional entrepreneurship. We focus on the distinct influences of convergence and agglomeration on growth in the number of start-up firms as well as in employment in these new firms in a given region-industry. While reversion to the mean and diminishing returns to entrepreneurship at the region-industry level can result in a convergence effect, the presence of complementary economic activity creates externalities that enhance incentives and reduce barriers for new business creation. Clusters are a particularly important way through which location-based complementarities are realized. The empirical analysis uses a novel panel dataset from the Longitudinal Business Database of the Census Bureau and the US Cluster Mapping Project. Using this dataset, there is significant evidence of the positive impact of clusters on entrepreneurship. After controlling for convergence in start-up activity at the region-industry level, industries located in regions with strong clusters (i.e. a large presence of other related industries) experience higher growth in new business formation and start-up employment. Strong clusters are also associated with the formation of new establishments of existing firms, thus influencing the location decision of multi-establishment firms. Finally, strong clusters contribute to start-up firm survival.},
number = {4},
urldate = {2017-11-06},
journal = {Journal of Economic Geography},
author = {Delgado, Mercedes and Porter, Michael E. and Stern, Scott},
month = jul,
year = {2010},
pages = {495--518}
 
Agglomeration benefits and location choice by Keith Head.
@article{head_agglomeration_1995,
title = {Agglomeration benefits and location choice: {Evidence} from {Japanese} manufacturing investments in the {United} {States}},
volume = {38},
issn = {0022-1996},
shorttitle = {Agglomeration benefits and location choice},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/002219969401351R},
doi = {10.1016/0022-1996(94)01351-R},
abstract = {Recent theories of economic geography suggest that firms in the same industry may be drawn to the same locations because proximity generates positive externalities or ‘agglomeration effects’. Under this view, chance events and government inducements can have a lasting influence on the geographical pattern of manufacturing. However, most evidence on the causes and magnitude of industry localization has been based on stories, rather than statistics. This paper examines the location choices of 751 Japanese manufacturing plants built in the United States since 1980. Conditional logit estimates support the hypothesis that industry-level agglomeration benefits play an important role in location decisions.},
number = {3},
urldate = {2017-11-06},
journal = {Journal of International Economics},
author = {Head, Keith and Ries, John and Swenson, Deborah},
month = may,
year = {1995},
keywords = {Agglomeration, Foreign direct investment},
pages = {223--247}
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