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There's no doubt that patent trolls exist. eDekka, widely considered one of the top patent trolls, sued 101 companies in 2015, 55% of which are considered small businesses under SBA regulations ('''Endnote: eDekka considered top patent troll by Unified, and the percentage is based on the 92 companies we could find information on and classify'''). There are without a doubt certainly many more companies that eDekka sent threatening demand letters to, companies that decided to settle instead of bringing the case to court. Compare this to The Regents of the University of California, which only filed 17 patent lawsuits in the last 16 years. It was ranked as the number 1 "Worldwide University Granted U.S. Patents" on a report released in 2014 by the National Academy of Inventors and the Intellectual Property Owners Association. ('''would be better if we could find data for another company that is definitely not a patent troll, perhaps Apple?'good' PAE instead of this NPE'''. ) As of December 2015, eDekka had sued over 200 companies for infringing upon the US Patent no. 6,266,674 "Random Access Information Retrieval Utilizing User-Defined Labels". 168 of these cases were later thrown out by US District Judge Rodney Gilstrap, who wrote that the "strikingly similar lawsuits" demonstrate "an aggressive strategy that avoids testing its case on the merits and instead aims for early settlements falling at or below the cost of defense" [http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2015/12/in-a-first-east-texas-judge-hits-patent-troll-with-attorneys-fees/].