Changes

==Defining "high tech"Article=====Introduction==='''High tech''': The American perception of entrepreneurship and innovation is an overwhelmingly positive one; Americans believe not only that there are good opportunities for starting a high-tech industry is defined by business, but also that they have the presence of four factorscapabilities to start one themselves. [http: a //www.forbes.com/sites/elainepofeldt/2013/05/27/u-s-entrepreneurship-hits-record-high proportion /#7144d97d73aa] The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor U.S. Report found that 43% of scientists, engineersAmericans believe there are good opportunities for entrepreneurship, and technicians; that 56% of American adults believe they have the capability to start a business. [http://www.babson.edu/news-events/babson-news/PublishingImages/babson-gem-info-graphic-692.png] But recent trends in business birth and death rates tell a high proportion of R&D employment; production of more sinister story. Many studies report sustained declines in entrepreneurship and business dynamism across the U.S. economy. [http://www.kauffman.org/~/media/kauffman_org/research%20reports%20and%20covers/2014/02/declining_business_dynamism_in_us_high_tech_sector.pdf%20Kauffman] Though many Americans view the high-tech products, sector as specified on a Census Bureau list the pinnacle of advancedentrepreneurship and innovation [http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2014/05/06/snowden-technology products; and effect-americans-still-like-tech-industry-but-not-telecom/], the Kauffman Foundation found the declines in business dynamism that occurred broadly across the U.S. economy over the past two decades also occurred in the use of high-tech production methods, including intense use of sector in the post-2000 period (high-tech capital goods and services sector being defined as the group of industries with very high shares of workers in the production process STEM occupations of science, technology, engineering, and math). [http://www.kauffman.org/~/media/kauffman_org/research%20reports%20and%20covers/2014/02/declining_business_dynamism_in_us_high_tech_sector.pdf Kauffman%20Kauffman] A Congressional Office This article aims to ask what happened in the American economy to cause the decline of Technology Assessment document describes business dynamism in high-technology firms as those “engaged in the design, developmentsectors, and introduction of new products and/or innovative manufacturing processes through the systematic application impacts of scientific and technical knowledgethis slowdown on economic growth.”

National Science Foundation report on science and technology resources also refers to the employment ===Cause of scientists, engineers, and technicians and to measures of R&D activities as “two of the most important parameters of innovation” and uses those two parameters “as surrogates for measuring the broader concept of innovation.”decline===

''Which During the period of these is best definition?''aggregate productivity and job growth in the 1990s, the high tech sector and newly listed public companies exhibited increases in indicators in dynamism and entrepreneurship. However, since 2000, the high tech sector and publicly traded firms have exhibited a decline in dynamism. The number of IPOs has fallen in the post-2000 period and those that have entered have not exhibited the same rapid growth as earlier cohorts. [http://econweb.umd.edu/~haltiwan/Haltiwanger_Kauffman_Conference_August_1_2015.pdf]

==High tech Why the decline? The primary challenge start-ups in general face is access to capital. Only 29 percent of small business owners said they’ve applied for a business loan over the last two years. Millennials report turning to friends and firm birthfamily for loans, rather than taking out a traditional loan from a bank. [http:/death/newsroom.bankofamerica.com/sites/bankofamerica.newshq.businesswire.com/files/press_kit/additional/Fall_2014_Bank_of_America_Small_Business_Owner_Report.pdf] Millennials also have less access to personal capital in that they take on significant student debt when they go to college. A [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id==Kauffman 2417676 study ] from Penn State University found that decline "a significant and economically meaningful negative correlation between changes in business dynamism occurred in both student debt and net new businesses employing one to four employees, the general Ufirms most dependent on personal debt for financing.S. economy " Personal debt and lack of access to capital are particularly problematic in the high-tech sector , where millennials compose a majority of the workforce and are more comfortable making advances in technology older members of the postworkforce do not. [https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/managing-tomorrows-people/future-2000 period. As part of this decline in dynamism, Kauffman found indicators of a slowdown in entrepreneurship in the high-tech sector in work/assets/reshaping-the post-2000 periodworkplace.pdf]

===Target AudienceImpacts===*Geared towards Rice Thresher, Houston Chronicle? Layman who has an interest in the intersection of technology and business.

===Intro===How do you define "high tech"? You know it when you see it - itWhile student debt is used to fund increases in human capital (education), the utilization of student debt reduces an individual's Appleability to access other forms of credit. As a result, the study's iPhone 6S, Amazon Primefindings suggest a debt trade-off in which larger amounts of student debt lower an individual's 1 hour product delivery, itability to start a new business. Penn State's a grid with blinking lights and beeping buttons - but what IS high tech? Taken study found that an increase of one step further, how would you define standard deviation in student debt uses results in a "high tech firm"? In other wordsdecrease of 70 new small businesses per county, what are the characteristics of companies like Amazon and Apple that we can generalize to form a universal definition decline of a high tech firmapproximately 14.4%.[http://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=250070119116011113124099103112018099029051017051045044067089002120116105111114122091055102119102108111124001067027106101088127010005061051067105078103112127022029065052114071094113003125125064112116102099068082028078069030125114010072077114106025&EXT=pdf]

One ===Conclusion===Millennials and recent college graduates comprise a large majority of those with interest in the best definitions of this vague "high tech" comes from the [http://wwwtechnology workforce.kauffman.org/~/media/kauffman_org/research%20reports%20and%20covers/2014/02/declining_business_dynamism_in_us_high_tech_sector.pdf Kauffman Institute], which defines a high-tech industry by the presence of four factors: a Because their access to capital is limited both institutionally and due to high proportion levels of scientists, engineersstudent debt, and technicians; a high proportion many of R&D employment; production of high-tech products, as specified these workforce participants are either unable or unwilling to take on more debt to start their own businesses. This has resulted in a Census Bureau list of advanced-decline in business dynamism in high technology products; and fields to the use tune of high-tech production methods, including intense use a decrease of high-tech 70 small businesses per increase in standard deviation in student debt. It seems as though increasing access to capital goods and services in through easily accessible bank loans or implementing policy aimed towards lowering student debt would help to reverse the production processtrend.